"""Classes to represent keypoints, i.e. points given as xy-coordinates."""
from __future__ import print_function, division, absolute_import
import numpy as np
import scipy.spatial.distance
import six.moves as sm
from .. import imgaug as ia
from .base import IAugmentable
from .utils import (normalize_shape, project_coords,
_remove_out_of_image_fraction_)
[docs]class Keypoint(object):
"""A single keypoint (aka landmark) on an image.
Parameters
----------
x : number
Coordinate of the keypoint on the x axis.
y : number
Coordinate of the keypoint on the y axis.
"""
def __init__(self, x, y):
self.x = x
self.y = y
@property
def coords(self):
"""Get the xy-coordinates as an ``(N,2)`` ndarray.
Added in 0.4.0.
Returns
-------
ndarray
An ``(N, 2)`` ``float32`` ndarray with ``N=1`` containing the
coordinates of this keypoints.
"""
arr = np.empty((1, 2), dtype=np.float32)
arr[0, :] = [self.x, self.y]
return arr
@property
def x_int(self):
"""Get the keypoint's x-coordinate, rounded to the closest integer.
Returns
-------
result : int
Keypoint's x-coordinate, rounded to the closest integer.
"""
return int(np.round(self.x))
@property
def y_int(self):
"""Get the keypoint's y-coordinate, rounded to the closest integer.
Returns
-------
result : int
Keypoint's y-coordinate, rounded to the closest integer.
"""
return int(np.round(self.y))
@property
def xy(self):
"""Get the keypoint's x- and y-coordinate as a single array.
Added in 0.4.0.
Returns
-------
ndarray
A ``(2,)`` ``ndarray`` denoting the xy-coordinate pair.
"""
return self.coords[0, :]
@property
def xy_int(self):
"""Get the keypoint's xy-coord, rounded to closest integer.
Added in 0.4.0.
Returns
-------
ndarray
A ``(2,)`` ``ndarray`` denoting the xy-coordinate pair.
"""
return np.round(self.xy).astype(np.int32)
[docs] def project_(self, from_shape, to_shape):
"""Project in-place the keypoint onto a new position on a new image.
E.g. if the keypoint is on its original image
at ``x=(10 of 100 pixels)`` and ``y=(20 of 100 pixels)`` and is
projected onto a new image with size ``(width=200, height=200)``, its
new position will be ``(20, 40)``.
This is intended for cases where the original image is resized.
It cannot be used for more complex changes (e.g. padding, cropping).
Added in 0.4.0.
Parameters
----------
from_shape : tuple of int
Shape of the original image. (Before resize.)
to_shape : tuple of int
Shape of the new image. (After resize.)
Returns
-------
imgaug.augmentables.kps.Keypoint
Keypoint object with new coordinates.
The instance of the keypoint may have been modified in-place.
"""
xy_proj = project_coords([(self.x, self.y)], from_shape, to_shape)
self.x, self.y = xy_proj[0]
return self
[docs] def project(self, from_shape, to_shape):
"""Project the keypoint onto a new position on a new image.
E.g. if the keypoint is on its original image
at ``x=(10 of 100 pixels)`` and ``y=(20 of 100 pixels)`` and is
projected onto a new image with size ``(width=200, height=200)``, its
new position will be ``(20, 40)``.
This is intended for cases where the original image is resized.
It cannot be used for more complex changes (e.g. padding, cropping).
Parameters
----------
from_shape : tuple of int
Shape of the original image. (Before resize.)
to_shape : tuple of int
Shape of the new image. (After resize.)
Returns
-------
imgaug.augmentables.kps.Keypoint
Keypoint object with new coordinates.
"""
return self.deepcopy().project_(from_shape, to_shape)
[docs] def is_out_of_image(self, image):
"""Estimate whether this point is outside of the given image plane.
Added in 0.4.0.
Parameters
----------
image : (H,W,...) ndarray or tuple of int
Image dimensions to use.
If an ``ndarray``, its shape will be used.
If a ``tuple``, it is assumed to represent the image shape
and must contain at least two integers.
Returns
-------
bool
``True`` is the point is inside the image plane, ``False``
otherwise.
"""
shape = normalize_shape(image)
height, width = shape[0:2]
y_inside = (0 <= self.y < height)
x_inside = (0 <= self.x < width)
return not y_inside or not x_inside
[docs] def compute_out_of_image_fraction(self, image):
"""Compute fraction of the keypoint that is out of the image plane.
The fraction is always either ``1.0`` (point is outside of the image
plane) or ``0.0`` (point is inside the image plane). This method
exists for consistency with other augmentables, e.g. bounding boxes.
Added in 0.4.0.
Parameters
----------
image : (H,W,...) ndarray or tuple of int
Image dimensions to use.
If an ``ndarray``, its shape will be used.
If a ``tuple``, it is assumed to represent the image shape
and must contain at least two integers.
Returns
-------
float
Either ``1.0`` (point is outside of the image plane) or
``0.0`` (point is inside of it).
"""
return float(self.is_out_of_image(image))
[docs] def shift_(self, x=0, y=0):
"""Move the keypoint around on an image in-place.
Added in 0.4.0.
Parameters
----------
x : number, optional
Move by this value on the x axis.
y : number, optional
Move by this value on the y axis.
Returns
-------
imgaug.augmentables.kps.Keypoint
Keypoint object with new coordinates.
The instance of the keypoint may have been modified in-place.
"""
self.x += x
self.y += y
return self
[docs] def shift(self, x=0, y=0):
"""Move the keypoint around on an image.
Parameters
----------
x : number, optional
Move by this value on the x axis.
y : number, optional
Move by this value on the y axis.
Returns
-------
imgaug.augmentables.kps.Keypoint
Keypoint object with new coordinates.
"""
return self.deepcopy().shift_(x, y)
[docs] def draw_on_image(self, image, color=(0, 255, 0), alpha=1.0, size=3,
copy=True, raise_if_out_of_image=False):
"""Draw the keypoint onto a given image.
The keypoint is drawn as a square.
Parameters
----------
image : (H,W,3) ndarray
The image onto which to draw the keypoint.
color : int or list of int or tuple of int or (3,) ndarray, optional
The RGB color of the keypoint.
If a single ``int`` ``C``, then that is equivalent to ``(C,C,C)``.
alpha : float, optional
The opacity of the drawn keypoint, where ``1.0`` denotes a fully
visible keypoint and ``0.0`` an invisible one.
size : int, optional
The size of the keypoint. If set to ``S``, each square will have
size ``S x S``.
copy : bool, optional
Whether to copy the image before drawing the keypoint.
raise_if_out_of_image : bool, optional
Whether to raise an exception if the keypoint is outside of the
image.
Returns
-------
image : (H,W,3) ndarray
Image with drawn keypoint.
"""
# pylint: disable=redefined-outer-name
if copy:
image = np.copy(image)
if image.ndim == 2:
assert ia.is_single_number(color), (
"Got a 2D image. Expected then 'color' to be a single number, "
"but got %s." % (str(color),))
elif image.ndim == 3 and ia.is_single_number(color):
color = [color] * image.shape[-1]
input_dtype = image.dtype
alpha_color = color
if alpha < 0.01:
# keypoint invisible, nothing to do
return image
if alpha > 0.99:
alpha = 1
else:
image = image.astype(np.float32, copy=False)
alpha_color = alpha * np.array(color)
height, width = image.shape[0:2]
y, x = self.y_int, self.x_int
x1 = max(x - size//2, 0)
x2 = min(x + 1 + size//2, width)
y1 = max(y - size//2, 0)
y2 = min(y + 1 + size//2, height)
x1_clipped, x2_clipped = np.clip([x1, x2], 0, width)
y1_clipped, y2_clipped = np.clip([y1, y2], 0, height)
x1_clipped_ooi = (x1_clipped < 0 or x1_clipped >= width)
x2_clipped_ooi = (x2_clipped < 0 or x2_clipped >= width+1)
y1_clipped_ooi = (y1_clipped < 0 or y1_clipped >= height)
y2_clipped_ooi = (y2_clipped < 0 or y2_clipped >= height+1)
x_ooi = (x1_clipped_ooi and x2_clipped_ooi)
y_ooi = (y1_clipped_ooi and y2_clipped_ooi)
x_zero_size = (x2_clipped - x1_clipped) < 1 # min size is 1px
y_zero_size = (y2_clipped - y1_clipped) < 1
if not x_ooi and not y_ooi and not x_zero_size and not y_zero_size:
if alpha == 1:
image[y1_clipped:y2_clipped, x1_clipped:x2_clipped] = color
else:
image[y1_clipped:y2_clipped, x1_clipped:x2_clipped] = (
(1 - alpha)
* image[y1_clipped:y2_clipped, x1_clipped:x2_clipped]
+ alpha_color
)
else:
if raise_if_out_of_image:
raise Exception(
"Cannot draw keypoint x=%.8f, y=%.8f on image with "
"shape %s." % (y, x, image.shape))
if image.dtype.name != input_dtype.name:
if input_dtype.name == "uint8":
image = np.clip(image, 0, 255, out=image)
image = image.astype(input_dtype, copy=False)
return image
[docs] def generate_similar_points_manhattan(self, nb_steps, step_size,
return_array=False):
"""Generate nearby points based on manhattan distance.
To generate the first neighbouring points, a distance of ``S`` (step
size) is moved from the center point (this keypoint) to the top,
right, bottom and left, resulting in four new points. From these new
points, the pattern is repeated. Overlapping points are ignored.
The resulting points have a shape similar to a square rotated
by ``45`` degrees.
Parameters
----------
nb_steps : int
The number of steps to move from the center point.
``nb_steps=1`` results in a total of ``5`` output points (one
center point + four neighbours).
step_size : number
The step size to move from every point to its neighbours.
return_array : bool, optional
Whether to return the generated points as a list of
:class:`Keypoint` or an array of shape ``(N,2)``, where ``N`` is
the number of generated points and the second axis contains the
x-/y-coordinates.
Returns
-------
list of imgaug.augmentables.kps.Keypoint or (N,2) ndarray
If `return_array` was ``False``, then a list of :class:`Keypoint`.
Otherwise a numpy array of shape ``(N,2)``, where ``N`` is the
number of generated points and the second axis contains
the x-/y-coordinates. The center keypoint (the one on which this
function was called) is always included.
"""
# TODO add test
# Points generates in manhattan style with S steps have a shape
# similar to a 45deg rotated square. The center line with the origin
# point has S+1+S = 1+2*S points (S to the left, S to the right).
# The lines above contain (S+1+S)-2 + (S+1+S)-2-2 + ... + 1 points.
# E.g. for S=2 it would be 3+1=4 and for S=3 it would be 5+3+1=9.
# Same for the lines below the center. Hence the total number of
# points is S+1+S + 2*(S^2).
nb_points = nb_steps + 1 + nb_steps + 2*(nb_steps**2)
points = np.zeros((nb_points, 2), dtype=np.float32)
# we start at the bottom-most line and move towards the top-most line
yy = np.linspace(
self.y - nb_steps * step_size,
self.y + nb_steps * step_size,
nb_steps + 1 + nb_steps)
# bottom-most line contains only one point
width = 1
nth_point = 0
for i_y, y in enumerate(yy):
if width == 1:
xx = [self.x]
else:
xx = np.linspace(
self.x - (width-1)//2 * step_size,
self.x + (width-1)//2 * step_size,
width)
for x in xx:
points[nth_point] = [x, y]
nth_point += 1
if i_y < nb_steps:
width += 2
else:
width -= 2
if return_array:
return points
return [self.deepcopy(x=point[0], y=point[1]) for point in points]
[docs] def coords_almost_equals(self, other, max_distance=1e-4):
"""Estimate if this and another KP have almost identical coordinates.
Added in 0.4.0.
Parameters
----------
other : imgaug.augmentables.kps.Keypoint or iterable
The other keypoint with which to compare this one.
If this is an ``iterable``, it is assumed to contain the
xy-coordinates of a keypoint.
max_distance : number, optional
The maximum euclidean distance between a this keypoint and the
other one. If the distance is exceeded, the two keypoints are not
viewed as equal.
Returns
-------
bool
Whether the two keypoints have almost identical coordinates.
"""
if ia.is_np_array(other):
# we use flat here in case other is (N,2) instead of (4,)
coords_b = other.flat
elif ia.is_iterable(other):
coords_b = list(ia.flatten(other))
else:
assert isinstance(other, Keypoint), (
"Expected 'other' to be an iterable containing one "
"(x,y)-coordinate pair or a Keypoint. "
"Got type %s." % (type(other),))
coords_b = other.coords.flat
coords_a = self.coords
return np.allclose(coords_a.flat, coords_b, atol=max_distance, rtol=0)
[docs] def almost_equals(self, other, max_distance=1e-4):
"""Compare this and another KP's coordinates.
.. note::
This method is currently identical to ``coords_almost_equals``.
It exists for consistency with ``BoundingBox`` and ``Polygons``.
Added in 0.4.0.
Parameters
----------
other : imgaug.augmentables.kps.Keypoint or iterable
The other object to compare against. Expected to be a
``Keypoint``.
max_distance : number, optional
See
:func:`~imgaug.augmentables.kps.Keypoint.coords_almost_equals`.
Returns
-------
bool
``True`` if the coordinates are almost equal. Otherwise ``False``.
"""
return self.coords_almost_equals(other, max_distance=max_distance)
[docs] def copy(self, x=None, y=None):
"""Create a shallow copy of the keypoint instance.
Parameters
----------
x : None or number, optional
Coordinate of the keypoint on the x axis.
If ``None``, the instance's value will be copied.
y : None or number, optional
Coordinate of the keypoint on the y axis.
If ``None``, the instance's value will be copied.
Returns
-------
imgaug.augmentables.kps.Keypoint
Shallow copy.
"""
return self.deepcopy(x=x, y=y)
[docs] def deepcopy(self, x=None, y=None):
"""Create a deep copy of the keypoint instance.
Parameters
----------
x : None or number, optional
Coordinate of the keypoint on the x axis.
If ``None``, the instance's value will be copied.
y : None or number, optional
Coordinate of the keypoint on the y axis.
If ``None``, the instance's value will be copied.
Returns
-------
imgaug.augmentables.kps.Keypoint
Deep copy.
"""
x = self.x if x is None else x
y = self.y if y is None else y
return Keypoint(x=x, y=y)
def __repr__(self):
return self.__str__()
def __str__(self):
return "Keypoint(x=%.8f, y=%.8f)" % (self.x, self.y)
[docs]class KeypointsOnImage(IAugmentable):
"""Container for all keypoints on a single image.
Parameters
----------
keypoints : list of imgaug.augmentables.kps.Keypoint
List of keypoints on the image.
shape : tuple of int or ndarray
The shape of the image on which the objects are placed.
Either an image with shape ``(H,W,[C])`` or a ``tuple`` denoting
such an image shape.
Examples
--------
>>> import numpy as np
>>> from imgaug.augmentables.kps import Keypoint, KeypointsOnImage
>>>
>>> image = np.zeros((70, 70))
>>> kps = [Keypoint(x=10, y=20), Keypoint(x=34, y=60)]
>>> kps_oi = KeypointsOnImage(kps, shape=image.shape)
"""
def __init__(self, keypoints, shape):
self.keypoints = keypoints
self.shape = normalize_shape(shape)
@property
def items(self):
"""Get the keypoints in this container.
Added in 0.4.0.
Returns
-------
list of Keypoint
Keypoints within this container.
"""
return self.keypoints
@items.setter
def items(self, value):
"""Set the keypoints in this container.
Added in 0.4.0.
Parameters
----------
value : list of Keypoint
Keypoints within this container.
"""
self.keypoints = value
@property
def height(self):
"""Get the image height.
Returns
-------
int
Image height.
"""
return self.shape[0]
@property
def width(self):
"""Get the image width.
Returns
-------
int
Image width.
"""
return self.shape[1]
@property
def empty(self):
"""Determine whether this object contains zero keypoints.
Returns
-------
bool
``True`` if this object contains zero keypoints.
"""
return len(self.keypoints) == 0
[docs] def on_(self, image):
"""Project all keypoints from one image shape to a new one in-place.
Added in 0.4.0.
Parameters
----------
image : ndarray or tuple of int
New image onto which the keypoints are to be projected.
May also simply be that new image's shape tuple.
Returns
-------
imgaug.augmentables.kps.KeypointsOnImage
Object containing all projected keypoints.
The object may have been modified in-place.
"""
# pylint: disable=invalid-name
on_shape = normalize_shape(image)
if on_shape[0:2] == self.shape[0:2]:
self.shape = on_shape # channels may differ
return self
for i, kp in enumerate(self.keypoints):
self.keypoints[i] = kp.project_(self.shape, on_shape)
self.shape = on_shape
return self
[docs] def on(self, image):
"""Project all keypoints from one image shape to a new one.
Parameters
----------
image : ndarray or tuple of int
New image onto which the keypoints are to be projected.
May also simply be that new image's shape tuple.
Returns
-------
imgaug.augmentables.kps.KeypointsOnImage
Object containing all projected keypoints.
"""
# pylint: disable=invalid-name
return self.deepcopy().on_(image)
[docs] def draw_on_image(self, image, color=(0, 255, 0), alpha=1.0, size=3,
copy=True, raise_if_out_of_image=False):
"""Draw all keypoints onto a given image.
Each keypoint is drawn as a square of provided color and size.
Parameters
----------
image : (H,W,3) ndarray
The image onto which to draw the keypoints.
This image should usually have the same shape as
set in ``KeypointsOnImage.shape``.
color : int or list of int or tuple of int or (3,) ndarray, optional
The RGB color of all keypoints.
If a single ``int`` ``C``, then that is equivalent to ``(C,C,C)``.
alpha : float, optional
The opacity of the drawn keypoint, where ``1.0`` denotes a fully
visible keypoint and ``0.0`` an invisible one.
size : int, optional
The size of each point. If set to ``C``, each square will have
size ``C x C``.
copy : bool, optional
Whether to copy the image before drawing the points.
raise_if_out_of_image : bool, optional
Whether to raise an exception if any keypoint is outside of the
image.
Returns
-------
(H,W,3) ndarray
Image with drawn keypoints.
"""
# pylint: disable=redefined-outer-name
image = np.copy(image) if copy else image
for keypoint in self.keypoints:
image = keypoint.draw_on_image(
image, color=color, alpha=alpha, size=size, copy=False,
raise_if_out_of_image=raise_if_out_of_image)
return image
[docs] def remove_out_of_image_fraction_(self, fraction):
"""Remove all KPs with an OOI fraction of at least `fraction` in-place.
'OOI' is the abbreviation for 'out of image'.
This method exists for consistency with other augmentables, e.g.
bounding boxes.
Added in 0.4.0.
Parameters
----------
fraction : number
Minimum out of image fraction that a keypoint has to have in
order to be removed. Note that any keypoint can only have a
fraction of either ``1.0`` (is outside) or ``0.0`` (is inside).
Set this to ``0.0+eps`` to remove all points that are outside of
the image. Setting this to ``0.0`` will remove all points.
Returns
-------
imgaug.augmentables.kps.KeypointsOnImage
Reduced set of keypoints, with those thathad an out of image
fraction greater or equal the given one removed.
The object may have been modified in-place.
"""
return _remove_out_of_image_fraction_(self, fraction)
[docs] def remove_out_of_image_fraction(self, fraction):
"""Remove all KPs with an out of image fraction of at least `fraction`.
This method exists for consistency with other augmentables, e.g.
bounding boxes.
Added in 0.4.0.
Parameters
----------
fraction : number
Minimum out of image fraction that a keypoint has to have in
order to be removed. Note that any keypoint can only have a
fraction of either ``1.0`` (is outside) or ``0.0`` (is inside).
Set this to ``0.0+eps`` to remove all points that are outside of
the image. Setting this to ``0.0`` will remove all points.
Returns
-------
imgaug.augmentables.kps.KeypointsOnImage
Reduced set of keypoints, with those thathad an out of image
fraction greater or equal the given one removed.
"""
return self.deepcopy().remove_out_of_image_fraction_(fraction)
[docs] def clip_out_of_image_(self):
"""Remove all KPs that are outside of the image plane.
This method exists for consistency with other augmentables, e.g.
bounding boxes.
Added in 0.4.0.
Returns
-------
imgaug.augmentables.kps.KeypointsOnImage
Keypoints that are inside the image plane.
The object may have been modified in-place.
"""
# we could use anything >0 here as the fraction
return self.remove_out_of_image_fraction_(0.5)
[docs] def clip_out_of_image(self):
"""Remove all KPs that are outside of the image plane.
This method exists for consistency with other augmentables, e.g.
bounding boxes.
Added in 0.4.0.
Returns
-------
imgaug.augmentables.kps.KeypointsOnImage
Keypoints that are inside the image plane.
"""
return self.deepcopy().clip_out_of_image_()
[docs] def shift_(self, x=0, y=0):
"""Move the keypoints on the x/y-axis in-place.
Added in 0.4.0.
Parameters
----------
x : number, optional
Move each keypoint by this value on the x axis.
y : number, optional
Move each keypoint by this value on the y axis.
Returns
-------
imgaug.augmentables.kps.KeypointsOnImage
Keypoints after moving them.
The object and its items may have been modified in-place.
"""
for i, keypoint in enumerate(self.keypoints):
self.keypoints[i] = keypoint.shift_(x=x, y=y)
return self
[docs] def shift(self, x=0, y=0):
"""Move the keypoints on the x/y-axis.
Parameters
----------
x : number, optional
Move each keypoint by this value on the x axis.
y : number, optional
Move each keypoint by this value on the y axis.
Returns
-------
imgaug.augmentables.kps.KeypointsOnImage
Keypoints after moving them.
"""
return self.deepcopy().shift_(x=x, y=y)
[docs] @ia.deprecated(alt_func="KeypointsOnImage.to_xy_array()")
def get_coords_array(self):
"""Convert all keypoint coordinates to an array of shape ``(N,2)``.
Returns
-------
(N, 2) ndarray
Array containing the coordinates of all keypoints.
``N`` denotes the number of keypoints. The second axis denotes
the x/y-coordinates.
"""
return self.to_xy_array()
[docs] def to_xy_array(self):
"""Convert all keypoint coordinates to an array of shape ``(N,2)``.
Returns
-------
(N, 2) ndarray
Array containing the coordinates of all keypoints.
``N`` denotes the number of keypoints. The second axis denotes
the x/y-coordinates.
"""
result = np.zeros((len(self.keypoints), 2), dtype=np.float32)
for i, keypoint in enumerate(self.keypoints):
result[i, 0] = keypoint.x
result[i, 1] = keypoint.y
return result
[docs] @staticmethod
@ia.deprecated(alt_func="KeypointsOnImage.from_xy_array()")
def from_coords_array(coords, shape):
"""Convert an ``(N,2)`` array to a ``KeypointsOnImage`` object.
Parameters
----------
coords : (N, 2) ndarray
Coordinates of ``N`` keypoints on an image, given as a ``(N,2)``
array of xy-coordinates.
shape : tuple
The shape of the image on which the keypoints are placed.
Returns
-------
imgaug.augmentables.kps.KeypointsOnImage
:class:`KeypointsOnImage` object containing the array's keypoints.
"""
return KeypointsOnImage.from_xy_array(coords, shape)
[docs] @classmethod
def from_xy_array(cls, xy, shape):
"""Convert an ``(N,2)`` array to a ``KeypointsOnImage`` object.
Parameters
----------
xy : (N, 2) ndarray or iterable of iterable of number
Coordinates of ``N`` keypoints on an image, given as a ``(N,2)``
array of xy-coordinates.
shape : tuple of int or ndarray
The shape of the image on which the keypoints are placed.
Returns
-------
imgaug.augmentables.kps.KeypointsOnImage
:class:`KeypointsOnImage` object containing the array's keypoints.
"""
xy = np.array(xy, dtype=np.float32)
# note that np.array([]) is (0,), not (0, 2)
if xy.shape[0] == 0: # pylint: disable=unsubscriptable-object
return KeypointsOnImage([], shape)
assert xy.ndim == 2 and xy.shape[-1] == 2, ( # pylint: disable=unsubscriptable-object
"Expected input array to have shape (N,2), "
"got shape %s." % (xy.shape,))
keypoints = [Keypoint(x=coord[0], y=coord[1]) for coord in xy]
return KeypointsOnImage(keypoints, shape)
[docs] def fill_from_xy_array_(self, xy):
"""Modify the keypoint coordinates of this instance in-place.
.. note::
This currently expects that `xy` contains exactly as many
coordinates as there are keypoints in this instance. Otherwise,
an ``AssertionError`` will be raised.
Added in 0.4.0.
Parameters
----------
xy : (N, 2) ndarray or iterable of iterable of number
Coordinates of ``N`` keypoints on an image, given as a ``(N,2)``
array of xy-coordinates. ``N`` must match the number of keypoints
in this instance.
Returns
-------
KeypointsOnImage
This instance itself, with updated keypoint coordinates.
Note that the instance was modified in-place.
"""
xy = np.array(xy, dtype=np.float32)
# note that np.array([]) is (0,), not (0, 2)
assert xy.shape[0] == 0 or (xy.ndim == 2 and xy.shape[-1] == 2), ( # pylint: disable=unsubscriptable-object
"Expected input array to have shape (N,2), "
"got shape %s." % (xy.shape,))
assert len(xy) == len(self.keypoints), (
"Expected to receive as many keypoint coordinates as there are "
"currently keypoints in this instance. Got %d, expected %d." % (
len(xy), len(self.keypoints)))
for kp, (x, y) in zip(self.keypoints, xy):
kp.x = x
kp.y = y
return self
# TODO add to_gaussian_heatmaps(), from_gaussian_heatmaps()
[docs] def to_keypoint_image(self, size=1):
"""Create an ``(H,W,N)`` image with keypoint coordinates set to ``255``.
This method generates a new ``uint8`` array of shape ``(H,W,N)``,
where ``H`` is the ``.shape`` height, ``W`` the ``.shape`` width and
``N`` is the number of keypoints. The array is filled with zeros.
The coordinate of the ``n``-th keypoint is set to ``255`` in the
``n``-th channel.
This function can be used as a helper when augmenting keypoints with
a method that only supports the augmentation of images.
Parameters
-------
size : int
Size of each (squared) point.
Returns
-------
(H,W,N) ndarray
Image in which the keypoints are marked. ``H`` is the height,
defined in ``KeypointsOnImage.shape[0]`` (analogous ``W``).
``N`` is the number of keypoints.
"""
height, width = self.shape[0:2]
image = np.zeros((height, width, len(self.keypoints)), dtype=np.uint8)
assert size % 2 != 0, (
"Expected 'size' to have an odd value, got %d instead." % (size,))
sizeh = max(0, (size-1)//2)
for i, keypoint in enumerate(self.keypoints):
# TODO for float values spread activation over several cells
# here and do voting at the end
y = keypoint.y_int
x = keypoint.x_int
x1 = np.clip(x - sizeh, 0, width-1)
x2 = np.clip(x + sizeh + 1, 0, width)
y1 = np.clip(y - sizeh, 0, height-1)
y2 = np.clip(y + sizeh + 1, 0, height)
if x1 < x2 and y1 < y2:
image[y1:y2, x1:x2, i] = 128
if 0 <= y < height and 0 <= x < width:
image[y, x, i] = 255
return image
[docs] @staticmethod
def from_keypoint_image(image, if_not_found_coords={"x": -1, "y": -1},
threshold=1, nb_channels=None):
"""Convert ``to_keypoint_image()`` outputs to ``KeypointsOnImage``.
This is the inverse of :func:`KeypointsOnImage.to_keypoint_image`.
Parameters
----------
image : (H,W,N) ndarray
The keypoints image. N is the number of keypoints.
if_not_found_coords : tuple or list or dict or None, optional
Coordinates to use for keypoints that cannot be found in `image`.
* If this is a ``list``/``tuple``, it must contain two ``int``
values.
* If it is a ``dict``, it must contain the keys ``x`` and
``y`` with each containing one ``int`` value.
* If this is ``None``, then the keypoint will not be added to the
final :class:`KeypointsOnImage` object.
threshold : int, optional
The search for keypoints works by searching for the argmax in
each channel. This parameters contains the minimum value that
the max must have in order to be viewed as a keypoint.
nb_channels : None or int, optional
Number of channels of the image on which the keypoints are placed.
Some keypoint augmenters require that information.
If set to ``None``, the keypoint's shape will be set
to ``(height, width)``, otherwise ``(height, width, nb_channels)``.
Returns
-------
imgaug.augmentables.kps.KeypointsOnImage
The extracted keypoints.
"""
# pylint: disable=dangerous-default-value
assert image.ndim == 3, (
"Expected 'image' to have three dimensions, "
"got %d with shape %s instead." % (image.ndim, image.shape))
height, width, nb_keypoints = image.shape
drop_if_not_found = False
if if_not_found_coords is None:
drop_if_not_found = True
if_not_found_x = -1
if_not_found_y = -1
elif isinstance(if_not_found_coords, (tuple, list)):
assert len(if_not_found_coords) == 2, (
"Expected tuple 'if_not_found_coords' to contain exactly two "
"values, got %d values." % (len(if_not_found_coords),))
if_not_found_x = if_not_found_coords[0]
if_not_found_y = if_not_found_coords[1]
elif isinstance(if_not_found_coords, dict):
if_not_found_x = if_not_found_coords["x"]
if_not_found_y = if_not_found_coords["y"]
else:
raise Exception(
"Expected if_not_found_coords to be None or tuple or list "
"or dict, got %s." % (type(if_not_found_coords),))
keypoints = []
for i in sm.xrange(nb_keypoints):
maxidx_flat = np.argmax(image[..., i])
maxidx_ndim = np.unravel_index(maxidx_flat, (height, width))
found = (image[maxidx_ndim[0], maxidx_ndim[1], i] >= threshold)
if found:
x = maxidx_ndim[1] + 0.5
y = maxidx_ndim[0] + 0.5
keypoints.append(Keypoint(x=x, y=y))
else:
if drop_if_not_found:
# dont add the keypoint to the result list, i.e. drop it
pass
else:
keypoints.append(Keypoint(x=if_not_found_x,
y=if_not_found_y))
out_shape = (height, width)
if nb_channels is not None:
out_shape += (nb_channels,)
return KeypointsOnImage(keypoints, shape=out_shape)
[docs] def to_distance_maps(self, inverted=False):
"""Generate a ``(H,W,N)`` array of distance maps for ``N`` keypoints.
The ``n``-th distance map contains at every location ``(y, x)`` the
euclidean distance to the ``n``-th keypoint.
This function can be used as a helper when augmenting keypoints with a
method that only supports the augmentation of images.
Parameters
-------
inverted : bool, optional
If ``True``, inverted distance maps are returned where each
distance value d is replaced by ``d/(d+1)``, i.e. the distance
maps have values in the range ``(0.0, 1.0]`` with ``1.0`` denoting
exactly the position of the respective keypoint.
Returns
-------
(H,W,N) ndarray
A ``float32`` array containing ``N`` distance maps for ``N``
keypoints. Each location ``(y, x, n)`` in the array denotes the
euclidean distance at ``(y, x)`` to the ``n``-th keypoint.
If `inverted` is ``True``, the distance ``d`` is replaced
by ``d/(d+1)``. The height and width of the array match the
height and width in ``KeypointsOnImage.shape``.
"""
height, width = self.shape[0:2]
distance_maps = np.zeros((height, width, len(self.keypoints)),
dtype=np.float32)
yy = np.arange(0, height)
xx = np.arange(0, width)
grid_xx, grid_yy = np.meshgrid(xx, yy)
for i, keypoint in enumerate(self.keypoints):
y, x = keypoint.y, keypoint.x
distance_maps[:, :, i] = (grid_xx - x) ** 2 + (grid_yy - y) ** 2
distance_maps = np.sqrt(distance_maps)
if inverted:
return 1/(distance_maps+1)
return distance_maps
# TODO add option to if_not_found_coords to reuse old keypoint coords
[docs] @staticmethod
def from_distance_maps(distance_maps, inverted=False,
if_not_found_coords={"x": -1, "y": -1},
threshold=None, nb_channels=None):
"""Convert outputs of ``to_distance_maps()`` to ``KeypointsOnImage``.
This is the inverse of :func:`KeypointsOnImage.to_distance_maps`.
Parameters
----------
distance_maps : (H,W,N) ndarray
The distance maps. ``N`` is the number of keypoints.
inverted : bool, optional
Whether the given distance maps were generated in inverted mode
(i.e. :func:`KeypointsOnImage.to_distance_maps` was called with
``inverted=True``) or in non-inverted mode.
if_not_found_coords : tuple or list or dict or None, optional
Coordinates to use for keypoints that cannot be found
in `distance_maps`.
* If this is a ``list``/``tuple``, it must contain two ``int``
values.
* If it is a ``dict``, it must contain the keys ``x`` and
``y`` with each containing one ``int`` value.
* If this is ``None``, then the keypoint will not be added to the
final :class:`KeypointsOnImage` object.
threshold : float, optional
The search for keypoints works by searching for the
argmin (non-inverted) or argmax (inverted) in each channel. This
parameters contains the maximum (non-inverted) or
minimum (inverted) value to accept in order to view a hit as a
keypoint. Use ``None`` to use no min/max.
nb_channels : None or int, optional
Number of channels of the image on which the keypoints are placed.
Some keypoint augmenters require that information.
If set to ``None``, the keypoint's shape will be set
to ``(height, width)``, otherwise ``(height, width, nb_channels)``.
Returns
-------
imgaug.augmentables.kps.KeypointsOnImage
The extracted keypoints.
"""
# pylint: disable=dangerous-default-value
assert distance_maps.ndim == 3, (
"Expected three-dimensional input, got %d dimensions and "
"shape %s." % (distance_maps.ndim, distance_maps.shape))
height, width, nb_keypoints = distance_maps.shape
drop_if_not_found = False
if if_not_found_coords is None:
drop_if_not_found = True
if_not_found_x = -1
if_not_found_y = -1
elif isinstance(if_not_found_coords, (tuple, list)):
assert len(if_not_found_coords) == 2, (
"Expected tuple/list 'if_not_found_coords' to contain "
"exactly two entries, got %d." % (len(if_not_found_coords),))
if_not_found_x = if_not_found_coords[0]
if_not_found_y = if_not_found_coords[1]
elif isinstance(if_not_found_coords, dict):
if_not_found_x = if_not_found_coords["x"]
if_not_found_y = if_not_found_coords["y"]
else:
raise Exception(
"Expected if_not_found_coords to be None or tuple or list or "
"dict, got %s." % (type(if_not_found_coords),))
keypoints = []
for i in sm.xrange(nb_keypoints):
# TODO introduce voting here among all distance values that have
# min/max values
if inverted:
hitidx_flat = np.argmax(distance_maps[..., i])
else:
hitidx_flat = np.argmin(distance_maps[..., i])
hitidx_ndim = np.unravel_index(hitidx_flat, (height, width))
if not inverted and threshold is not None:
found = (distance_maps[hitidx_ndim[0], hitidx_ndim[1], i]
< threshold)
elif inverted and threshold is not None:
found = (distance_maps[hitidx_ndim[0], hitidx_ndim[1], i]
>= threshold)
else:
found = True
if found:
keypoints.append(Keypoint(x=hitidx_ndim[1], y=hitidx_ndim[0]))
else:
if drop_if_not_found:
# dont add the keypoint to the result list, i.e. drop it
pass
else:
keypoints.append(Keypoint(x=if_not_found_x,
y=if_not_found_y))
out_shape = (height, width)
if nb_channels is not None:
out_shape += (nb_channels,)
return KeypointsOnImage(keypoints, shape=out_shape)
# TODO add to_keypoints_on_image_() and call that wherever possible
[docs] def to_keypoints_on_image(self):
"""Convert the keypoints to one ``KeypointsOnImage`` instance.
This method exists for consistency with ``BoundingBoxesOnImage``,
``PolygonsOnImage`` and ``LineStringsOnImage``.
Added in 0.4.0.
Returns
-------
imgaug.augmentables.kps.KeypointsOnImage
Copy of this keypoints instance.
"""
return self.deepcopy()
[docs] def invert_to_keypoints_on_image_(self, kpsoi):
"""Invert the output of ``to_keypoints_on_image()`` in-place.
This function writes in-place into this ``KeypointsOnImage``
instance.
Added in 0.4.0.
Parameters
----------
kpsoi : imgaug.augmentables.kps.KeypointsOnImages
Keypoints to copy data from, i.e. the outputs of
``to_keypoints_on_image()``.
Returns
-------
KeypointsOnImage
Keypoints container with updated coordinates.
Note that the instance is also updated in-place.
"""
nb_points_exp = len(self.keypoints)
assert len(kpsoi.keypoints) == nb_points_exp, (
"Expected %d coordinates, got %d." % (
nb_points_exp, len(kpsoi.keypoints)))
for kp_target, kp_source in zip(self.keypoints, kpsoi.keypoints):
kp_target.x = kp_source.x
kp_target.y = kp_source.y
self.shape = kpsoi.shape
return self
[docs] def copy(self, keypoints=None, shape=None):
"""Create a shallow copy of the ``KeypointsOnImage`` object.
Parameters
----------
keypoints : None or list of imgaug.Keypoint, optional
List of keypoints on the image.
If ``None``, the instance's keypoints will be copied.
shape : tuple of int, optional
The shape of the image on which the keypoints are placed.
If ``None``, the instance's shape will be copied.
Returns
-------
imgaug.augmentables.kps.KeypointsOnImage
Shallow copy.
"""
if keypoints is None:
keypoints = self.keypoints[:]
if shape is None:
# use tuple() here in case the shape was provided as a list
shape = tuple(self.shape)
return KeypointsOnImage(keypoints, shape)
[docs] def deepcopy(self, keypoints=None, shape=None):
"""Create a deep copy of the ``KeypointsOnImage`` object.
Parameters
----------
keypoints : None or list of imgaug.Keypoint, optional
List of keypoints on the image.
If ``None``, the instance's keypoints will be copied.
shape : tuple of int, optional
The shape of the image on which the keypoints are placed.
If ``None``, the instance's shape will be copied.
Returns
-------
imgaug.augmentables.kps.KeypointsOnImage
Deep copy.
"""
# Manual copy is far faster than deepcopy, so use manual copy here.
if keypoints is None:
keypoints = [kp.deepcopy() for kp in self.keypoints]
if shape is None:
# use tuple() here in case the shape was provided as a list
shape = tuple(self.shape)
return KeypointsOnImage(keypoints, shape)
def __getitem__(self, indices):
"""Get the keypoint(s) with given indices.
Added in 0.4.0.
Returns
-------
list of imgaug.augmentables.kps.Keypoint
Keypoint(s) with given indices.
"""
return self.keypoints[indices]
def __iter__(self):
"""Iterate over the keypoints in this container.
Added in 0.4.0.
Yields
------
Keypoint
A keypoint in this container.
The order is identical to the order in the keypoint list
provided upon class initialization.
"""
return iter(self.items)
def __len__(self):
"""Get the number of items in this instance.
Added in 0.4.0.
Returns
-------
int
Number of items in this instance.
"""
return len(self.items)
def __repr__(self):
return self.__str__()
def __str__(self):
return "KeypointsOnImage(%s, shape=%s)" % (
str(self.keypoints), self.shape)